Almost a million people are victims, every year in the world, of human trafficking.
Trafficking in human beings is a criminal market, run by criminal organisations that operate in different countries of the world and have a different dimension.
There are 2 types:
Smuggling means: aiding and abetting illegal immigration.In this situation, potential migrants turn directly to criminal organisations in order to migrate.They invest equity that they have saved either by selling their assets or by borrowing from friends and family.Migrants buy the transport service with documents. Once they arrive at their destination their relationship with the traffickers ends. Trafficking, on the other hand, is the actual phenomenon of human trafficking.The victims are taken directly by the traffickers through acts of violence or deception. The victims, once deprived of their identity documents and reduced to a state of slavery, are sold in the black market , mainly in the market of trade in human organs and prostitution. In 2000 in Palermo, Italy hosted the United Nations conference dedicated to the presentation of the Convention against transnational organised crime.During the meeting, two protocols were also presented, dedicated respectively to the prevention, repression and punishment of trafficking in persons, and to the fight against trafficking in migrants. The Italian Parliament ratified the Convention and the protocols by Law 146/2006. In 2003, Law 228/2003 was also enacted, with which significant amendments were made to Articles 600, 601, 602 of the Italian Penal Code, concerning the reduction or maintenance of slavery or servitude, the trafficking of persons, the purchase and alienation of slaves. Since 1998, in Italy, in accordance with Article 18 of Legislative Decree 286/98, victims of trafficking may have a residence permit for reasons of social protection, which allows the victim to escape violence and criminal organisation and to participate in a social assistance and integration programme”.
Camilla Spagnolatti 3AL
